ANSWER:
A focus group is a qualitative research strategy that involves gathering a small group of people to discuss a specific topic or issue. Here are some of the reasons why focus groups are seen as an effective approach to getting information:
Focus groups allow in-depth examination of participants’ knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors on a certain issue. The interactive group setting enables individuals to share opinions, converse, and provide comprehensive observations.
Focus groups make use of the dynamics of group interactions. Participants can build on one another’s ideas, question assumptions, and produce new views. Because participants can explore different points of view and experiences, the group context frequently leads to a greater comprehension of the topic.
Focus groups provide real-time feedback, allowing moderators to investigate participants’ replies, seek clarification, and acquire deeper insights. This real-time engagement allows investigating the topic’s fundamental motivations, reasoning, and emotions.
Focus groups fully grasp the topic within its social and cultural context. Participants can offer their stories, experiences, and cultural influences to provide a more nuanced perspective on the problem.
Identifying shared and divergent opinions: Focus groups assist in identifying commonalities and variations in participants’ opinions. These insights help understand the various viewpoints and develop focused actions or tactics.
Now, consider the moderator’s responsibility in leading a focus group to investigate a specific health issue:
Consider a focus group on “perceptions of mental health in the workplace” among employees in a large firm for this example. The group could include 8-12 employees from various departments, positions, and levels within the firm.
The sample size and homogeneity should be selected based on practical considerations and the desired level of data saturation. In most cases, 8-12 persons can establish a lively discussion. Participants should be homogeneous regarding employment status (full-time employees) but vary in age, gender, job responsibilities, and organizational experience.
“What are your perceptions of the health risks associated with mental health issues in the workplace?” is the opening question for exploring health hazards. “How do you believe these hazards affect employees’ well-being and job performance?”
Influence Question: “What factors influence employees’ mental health in the workplace?” This could include organizational policies, work environment, leadership styles, coworker interactions, or other relevant aspects.”
Question Examining Roles in Enhancing Health: “What do you believe are the roles and responsibilities of both employees and the organization in improving mental health in the workplace?” “How can individuals and organizations collaborate to foster a supportive environment?”
These questions aim to spark a debate about the participants’ perceptions, influences, and roles concerning mental health in the workplace. To delve further into participants’ viewpoints and experiences, the moderator should actively listen, encourage open discourse, and ask follow-up questions.
QUESTION:
Explain why focus group is a useful qualitative method of gathering information.